Собственно, вот:
#!/usr/bin/awk
BEGIN {
N = 0; X = 0; Y = 0; XY = 0; XX = 0
}
/^-?[0-9]/ {
N += 1
X += $1
XX += $1^2
Y += $2
XY += $1*$2
}
END {
b = (N*XY - X*Y)/(N*XX - X*X)
a = (Y - b*X)/N
printf "N = %d, y = %g * x + %g\n", N, b, a
}